{"id":145300,"date":"1896-06-22T14:02:00","date_gmt":"1896-06-22T12:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/aalten-achteruit\/vagrant-from-bredevoort-sent-to-veenhuizen-as-punishment\/"},"modified":"2026-05-22T13:20:44","modified_gmt":"2026-05-22T11:20:44","slug":"vagrant-from-bredevoort-sent-to-veenhuizen-as-punishment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/en\/society\/population\/biography\/vagrant-from-bredevoort-sent-to-veenhuizen-as-punishment\/","title":{"rendered":"Vagrant from Bredevoort sent to Veenhuizen as punishment"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1440\" height=\"853\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-138397\" alt=\"Bernardus Hendrikus Bloemers, opname Veenhuizen I, 22-06-1896\" src=\"https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Bernardus-Hendrikus-Bloemers-opname-Veenhuizen-I-22-06-1896.jpg\" style=\"object-position:50% 15%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"50% 15%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Bernardus-Hendrikus-Bloemers-opname-Veenhuizen-I-22-06-1896.jpg 1440w, https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Bernardus-Hendrikus-Bloemers-opname-Veenhuizen-I-22-06-1896-400x237.jpg 400w, https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Bernardus-Hendrikus-Bloemers-opname-Veenhuizen-I-22-06-1896-1024x607.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Bernardus-Hendrikus-Bloemers-opname-Veenhuizen-I-22-06-1896-768x455.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bernardus Hendrikus Bloemers was born on March 12, 1845, in Bredevoort, house number 7a, in the vicinity of the Misterstraat and Bekendijk. He was a son of Johannes Arnoldus Hendrikus Bloemers and Theodora Sessink. The family lived briefly on the <a href=\"https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/bredevoort\/ambthuiswal-24\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ambthuiswal<\/a>, but departed for Terborg in December 1847.  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bernard&#8217;s life was no bed of roses. In 1896, he was arrested for vagrancy and, as punishment, admitted to the State Workhouse Veenhuizen I in Drenthe. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-zwervend-bestaan\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">A wandering existence<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The population register shows that Bernard certainly did not lead a settled life. From the age of sixteen, he stayed in numerous places, interspersed in his younger years with temporary returns to the parental home in Terborg: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1861\u20131862:<\/strong> &#8216;Esheren in Prussia&#8217; (Esserden near Rees?)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1862\u20131864:<\/strong> Vethuizen, municipality of Bergh, as a farmhand on a farm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1867:<\/strong> Tegelen, Limburg<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1867\u20131868:<\/strong> Beek near Sterkrade in Prussia (now Duisburg-Beeck)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1869:<\/strong> to Sterkrade again<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1870:<\/strong> working as an <em>iron molder<\/em> near Ulft, after which he left for Isselburg<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1872:<\/strong> Li\u00e8ge, Belgium.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Around 1873, Bernard married <strong>Johanna Francina Kok<\/strong>, born on January 21, 1848, in Oer near Ulft, presumably in Dinslaken. In 1877, he was recorded as \u201cBernardus Hendrikus Blummer\u201d in the population register of Oosterhout near Tilburg, where he lived with his family, with the profession of <a href=\"http:\/\/beroepenvantoen.nl\/Oude-beroepen-Z.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>sand molder<\/em><\/a>. A few years later, they lived in Nijmegen, on the Steenstraat.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As far as is known, the couple had four sons:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Johannes Hermanus<\/strong> (Dinslaken, 1874 \u2013 1876)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Johannes Arnoldus<\/strong> (Dinslaken, 1875)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Johannes Hermanus<\/strong> (Oosterhout, 1877 \u2013 Rotterdam, 1962)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bernardus<\/strong> (Nijmegen, 1880 \u2013 Rotterdam, 1949).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In December 1883, the family left for Breda, and only a month later for &#8216;s-Hertogenbosch. In the population register, there is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.openarchieven.nl\/brd:d631d57b-ff2d-17dd-4611-2e958396fc7a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">difficult-to-read note<\/a> behind Bernard&#8217;s name, possibly: <em>\u201ctried on October 9, 1884, in Utrecht\u201d<\/em>. Later, the family appeared in Rotterdam, where they seemed to settle permanently. Johanna passed away there in 1909.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is striking that Bernard reappeared in Nijmegen in 1895 \u2014 without his family, coming from Zwolle. Why he left his family remains a matter of speculation. Poverty likely played a significant role. The frequent moves possibly point to an uncertain existence, in which one constantly sought better prospects \u2014 or fled from debts and problems.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In any case, Bernard&#8217;s life was no bed of roses, and the fact that he had fallen on hard times was confirmed shortly thereafter.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a2cac9f9801c&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a2cac9f9801c\" class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1395\" height=\"2000\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Bernardus-Hendrikus-Bloemers-signalementskaart-Veenhuizen-I-22-06-1896.jpg\" alt=\"Bernardus Hendrikus Bloemers, description card Veenhuizen I, 22-06-1896\" class=\"wp-image-138399\" style=\"width:380px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Bernardus-Hendrikus-Bloemers-signalementskaart-Veenhuizen-I-22-06-1896.jpg 1395w, https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Bernardus-Hendrikus-Bloemers-signalementskaart-Veenhuizen-I-22-06-1896-209x300.jpg 209w, https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Bernardus-Hendrikus-Bloemers-signalementskaart-Veenhuizen-I-22-06-1896-714x1024.jpg 714w, https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Bernardus-Hendrikus-Bloemers-signalementskaart-Veenhuizen-I-22-06-1896-768x1101.jpg 768w, https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Bernardus-Hendrikus-Bloemers-signalementskaart-Veenhuizen-I-22-06-1896-1071x1536.jpg 1071w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1395px) 100vw, 1395px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Description card of Bernardus Hendrikus Bloemers, Veenhuizen I, June 22, 1896<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-opname-in-veenhuizen\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Admission to Veenhuizen<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On June 22, 1896, Bernard was admitted to the Veenhuizen I State Workhouse for vagrancy. Upon entry, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wiewaswie.nl\/en\/detail\/75794715\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">description card<\/a> was drawn up, featuring photographs, fingerprints, and a precise description of his appearance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is also mentioned that at that time he had no fixed place of residence (Nijmegen was noted as his last place of residence). His profession was &#8216;iron molder&#8217;, he had no identity papers, and was <em>unmarried<\/em> (!). He had been convicted of vagrancy in &#8216;s-Hertogenbosch. He had already been convicted twice before for the same offense.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The description card contains a detailed account of his physical characteristics, including his height (1 meter 51.9). His nose was broad, protruding, <em>&#8216;with much blood showing through from below&#8217;<\/em> and with a scar on the right nostril. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What happened to Bernard after that remains unknown. We do not know if he ever left Veenhuizen, nor where or when he died. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-accent-2-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<h2 id=\"h-verblijf-in-de-rijkswerkinrichting-in-veenhuizen\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stay in the State Workhouse in Veenhuizen<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a2cac9f9951d&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a2cac9f9951d\" class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-medium wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"257\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/1896\/06\/veenhuizen-slaapzaal-400x257.jpg\" alt=\"Dormitory Veenhuizen (photo: Prison Museum)\" class=\"wp-image-138420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/1896\/06\/veenhuizen-slaapzaal-400x257.jpg 400w, https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/1896\/06\/veenhuizen-slaapzaal-768x493.jpg 768w, https:\/\/oldaalten.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/1896\/06\/veenhuizen-slaapzaal.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Dormitory Veenhuizen (photo: Prison Museum)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">State Workhouse Veenhuizen 1 (the First Asylum) was a closed penal institution for men who had been convicted of begging or vagrancy. In this large-scale complex, discipline and labor were central. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The purpose of the institution was not only retribution, but also to effectively &#8220;combat vagrancy and begging&#8221; by purging society of individuals considered a nuisance and instilling discipline in them through forced labor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daily life was strict and sober under a military regime. Violations of the internal rules were punished with a stay in the punishment cell or a reduction in rations. The residents, referred to as <em>wards<\/em>, wore mandatory asylum clothing, slept in large communal wards, and were put to work six days a week. The labor consisted of heavy land reclamation on the heath or indoor work in workshops, such as weaving mats and repairing mailbags.   <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-custom-color-2-gradient-background has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<h2 id=\"h-bronnen\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sources<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.drentsarchief.nl\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Drents Archive<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecal.nu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Heritage Centre Achterhoek and Liemers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.familysearch.org\/nl\/tree\/person\/details\/GZZ1-QCF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">FamilySearch<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gevangenismuseum.nl\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">National Prison Museum<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.openarchieven.nl\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Open Archives<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/hetpauperparadijs.nl\/maatschappij-van-weldadigheid\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Pauper Paradise<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wiewaswie.nl\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">WieWasWie (WhoWasWho)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bernard Bloemers was sent to a penal colony in Drenthe in 1896.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":142854,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[653,585],"tags":[715],"class_list":["post-145300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aalten-achteruit","category-biography","tag-crime"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.8 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Vagrant from Bredevoort sent to Veenhuizen as punishment<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bernardus Hendrikus Bloemers (1845) from Bredevoort was admitted to the Veenhuizen State Workhouse in 1896 for vagrancy.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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