Category: Biography

In the 19th century, thousands of Achterhoekers emigrated to the United States in search of land, freedom and new opportunities. Among them was Harmen Jan Wevers (1833–1905) from Barlo. He was one of the early Dutch pioneers who settled in the largely unexplored wilderness of Sheboygan County, Wisconsin.

Harmen Jan Wevers was born on April 20, 1833 on the Oonk farm in Barlo, as the son of Derk Wevers and Johanna Bloemers. He had a brother and three sisters.

Emigration and early years in America

In April 1849, at the age of sixteen, he left Rotterdam for the United States. The crossing took 64 days. After arriving in New York, he traveled via Buffalo, Pittsburgh, St. Louis and Chicago to Sheboygan County in Wisconsin.

Harmen Jan came to America on the same ship as Henry Walvoord, with whom he then worked as a servant for three years. After arriving in the US, Walvoord settled in Holland Township. For thirteen winters, Harmen Jan stayed with this pioneer, while he worked or went to school in the summer.

After he had saved enough, he bought a team of oxen and earned a living as a carter, including transporting wood to the pier of Amsterdam (Wisconsin).

Own farm in Holland Township

In 1854, Harmen Jan bought a piece of land of forty acres (over 16 hectares), largely untouched forest. With great dedication he managed to reclaim this area and turned it into a thriving farm. He later expanded his holdings to seventy acres (almost 28.5 hectares).

On 27 December 1856 he married Berendina Gerharda in Slaa, born on 14 October 1834 on the farm De Heuvel in Lintelo. Together they had eight children, four of whom were still alive in 1894:

• Herman (born 12 March 1867)
• Henry John (b. 15 September 1869)
• Alyda (b. 28 November 1871)
• Henry William (b. 28 February 1875)

Harmen Jan saw how his new home region changed from a rugged wilderness to a fertile agricultural area. Through hard work, perseverance and dedication, he managed to build a thriving farm as a simple immigrant. He grew into a respected citizen and administrator in his community.

In 1894 two children of the family were still alive: Harmen Jan and his sister Johanna Geertruid (1828–1912), who was married to Albert Clanderman from Sheboygan.

In 1847, a large group of emigrants from Aalten emigrated to the United States by ship. They were part of a larger emigration flow from the Achterhoek in the 19th century. One of the ships on which these emigrants traveled to America was the sailing ship Katherine (Kath) Jackson, which departed from Amsterdam that year.

The Kath Jackson was a three-master with a square transom and a length of approximately 38 meters. The ship was built in 1833 by Fickett & Thomas in New York.

The ship sailed at the end of August 1847 and had 171 passengers on board. According to the passenger list , about three-quarters of the passengers – 131 people – came from Aalten. The other passengers came from Eibergen, Zutphen, Winterswijk, Leiden and Germany, among others.

After embarkation in Amsterdam, the ship left the Netherlands via the Nieuwediep near Den Helder, from where the crossing of the Atlantic Ocean began. The captain of the ship was W.W. Stafford. On September 28, 1847, the Kath Jackson arrived in New York City.

The year before, the Kath Jackson had already brought a smaller group of people from Aalten to America, namely the Grootendorst / Scheenk family.

In the 19th century, thousands of Achterhoekers emigrated to the United States in search of land, freedom and new opportunities. Among them were Evert Jan Duenk and Willemina Rensink from the hamlet of IJzerlo in Aalten. They were among the early European pioneers who settled in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin.

Evert Jan Duenk was born in Aalten on October 7, 1797, as the son of Hendrik Deunk and Aaltjen Siebelink. He married on 12 July 1818 in Aalten with Joanna Bernardina te Winkel (Bocholt, 1790), daughter of Joan Gerhard te Winkel and Theodora te Beest. They lived on the (Groot) Essink farm in IJzerlo.

Children from the first marriage:

• Derk Jan Duenk (1820–1898), married on 23 July 1847 in Aalten to Johanna Christina Hilbelink (1824–1907), born on the Lensink farm in IJzerlo, daughter of aren’t Jan Hilbelink and Hendrika Hoopman.
• NN Duenk (1820–1820), stillborn twin brother of Derk Jan.
• Gerrit Hendrik Duenk (1825–1883).
• Johanna Engelina Duenk (1828–1829).

On April 25, 1829, Joanna Bernardina died. A year later, on 6 May 1830, Evert Jan remarried in Aalten to Willemina Rensink (1809, born on the Groot Rensink farm in Lintelo on 31 March 1809, daughter of Jan Willem Rensink and Elisabeth Liesen.

Children from the second marriage:

• Johanna Berendina Duenk (1831–1831).
• Johanna Berendina Duenk (1832–1832).
• Jan Willem Duenk (1833–1881).
• Johanna Berendina Duenk (1835–1912); married in 1856 Gerrit Willem Hijink (1835–1901), born on the Blekkink farm in the Woold.
• Aleida Eliezabeth Duenk (1838–1871); married in 1860 Gerhardus Georg Neevel (1827–1889), born in Dinxperlo.
• Evert Jan Duenk (1840–1865).
• Gerrit Jan Duenk (1843–1902).
• Willemina Johanna Duenk (1847–1907).

Emigration

On August 16, 1847, the family left the farm in IJzerlo and emigrated to the United States. However, Evert Jan failed to terminate the lease. He had also sold the cattle and all the things on the farm. He was summoned in the Netherlands for this and convicted in absentia.

Evert Jan and Willemina, with their seven children, departed from Amsterdam, boarded the ship Kath Jackson and arrived in New York City on September 28, 1847. On the list of emigrants from Aalten he is registered as a farmer, less well-off. The family settled in Sheboygan County.

Gerrit Jan Hilbelink was born on 19 February 1813 on the Lensink farm in IJzerlo, the son of Arend Jan Hilbelink (1787–1865) and Hendrika Hoopman. On 1 October 1840 he married Garritjen te Bokkel, born on 27 February 1820 on the Groot Tammel farm in Lintelo, daughter of aren’t Jan Derk te Bokkel and Janna Tammel.

Emigration and settling in Holland Township

In August 1847, the Hilbelink family left Rotterdam for the United States. After a crossing of about four weeks, they arrived on Staten Island. From there they traveled on via Buffalo and the Great Lakes to Sheboygan (Wisconsin). They stayed there for only one night, and the next day they travelled by ox-cart to Holland Township, where they settled in section 27, on a piece of land that later became the property of Gerrit Jan te Lindert. They lived on this farm for about nine years.

At the time, the area still consisted entirely of pristine forest, inhabited by wild animals such as wolves, bears and deer. The first years were tough: the land had to be completely reclaimed. There were few neighbors, although there was regular contact with the local indigenous population. In these rough conditions, Gerrit Jan and Garritjen built a new life.

In 1853, Gerrit Jan’s father also followed the family to America. He settled in Lima, where he spent the last years of his life.

Farm and community

In 1850, Gerrit Jan bought a piece of land of 40 acres (about 16 hectares) in section 26, where the family settled. The site was again densely wooded and had to be completely reclaimed. They built a log cabin in which their children grew up. He later expanded his holdings by another 40 acres. Although he later sold part of it, it grew into a well-functioning farm with a house and several barns. Gerrit Jan also contributed to the development of local infrastructure, such as roads, and other facilities.

Offspring

Gerrit Jan and Garritjen had fourteen children together, four of whom were born in the Netherlands and ten in the United States. The four children born in the Netherlands died at a young age, as did one of the children in America. Nine children reached adulthood:

• Hendrika (1849) married aren’t Jan Rensing in Newkirk, Iowa
• Aren Jan Derk (1850) managed the parental business, married Janna Gesiena Sikkink
• Jan William (1853), carpenter in Newkirk, married Agnes Koolbeck
• Jane (1855), married Derk Rose
• Grada Gesina (born 1856), married Tony Walvoord
• Gerrit Jan Jr. (1858), carpenter in Milwaukee, married Jane Smies
• Hannah (1860), married John W. Rauwerdink, farmer in Holland Township
• Gertie (1863), married Jacob Leenhouse, carpenter in Milwaukee
• Aleida (1866), married Gabe Ringoldus, also in Milwaukee

In the 19th century, thousands of Achterhoekers emigrated to the United States in search of land, freedom and new opportunities. Among them was the Stronks family from Dale. They were among the early European pioneers who settled in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin.

Jan Willem Stronks was born on April 27, 1817 on the Brunink farm in Dale, as the son of Garrit Jan Stronks and Garritjen Graven. In 1846 he emigrated to the United States. Jan Willem initially had insufficient means to travel on to the west, and therefore worked temporarily in the workshops of the railroads in Schenectady, New York. Shortly afterwards he moved on to Wisconsin.

There he met Grada Snoeijenbosch, also from Aalten. Grada was born on February 21, 1825 on the Snoeijenbosch farm on the Haart, as the daughter of Harmen Snoeijenbosch and Elizabeth Winkelhorst. In 1847 she came to Sheboygan with her family. Around 1850 Jan Willem and Grada married.

As one of the first Dutch pioneers, they settled in Holland Township, where they bought twenty acres (about eight hectares) of forest land. The plot was still completely undeveloped. Through hard work and thrift, Jan Willem managed to work his way up to become a prosperous farmer. However, his health suffered greatly from the physical labor, and he died in 1883 at the age of 64. Grada died in 1898 at the age of 73. Both were faithful members of the Dutch Reformed Church.

A new life for the children

Of their nine children, three died at a young age. Six children reached adulthood:

• Garrett John (1852–1908), Cedar Grove entrepreneur
• Herman Elbertus (1854–1946), merchant in Baldwin, WI
• John William (1857–1941), shopkeeper in Alton, Iowa
• Edward (1858–1940), also a merchant in Baldwin
• Caroline (1860–1956), married Henry Meengs, shopkeeper in Cedar Grove
• Hannah (1865–1943), married Henry Ramaker, also from Cedar Grove

Garrett John Stronks: From Farmer to Entrepreneur

Garrett John was born on March 21, 1852 in Holland Township. He grew up on his father’s farm. Due to Jan Willem’s fragile health, Garrett took charge of the farm at the age of fourteen. His education was limited; In total, he did not go to school for more than a year. After seven years, he decided to leave farm life behind and focus on trade.

In nearby Oostburg, he cut wood from the forest himself to build a shop of 18 by 28 feet (approx. 47 m²). He borrowed the starting capital from his father: 700 dollars. He knew nothing about trade, his ideas about what and how much to buy were rather vague, but despite these bumps he was determined to persevere.

He bought twice as many goods as he could afford in Milwaukee and suddenly the situation dawned on him: he had high debts, no customers, no experience and bills to pay. When he surveyed the state of affairs, he became so despondent that he had resolved never to buy anything again, if he could sell what he had.

But from the beginning, his business flourished; The people had confidence in him and supported his enterprise. The inhabitants of Oostburg had confidence in him and supported his enterprise. Within two weeks, Garrett was back in Milwaukee to buy more goods.

In 1875, he moved his business to Cedar Grove, where he opened the village’s second store. There he ran a successful shop for seventeen years. From 1979 he also started with grain trading, which he devoted himself to from 1892 onwards. In addition to his own grain warehouse and other real estate, he also owned 12 acres of farmland on the outskirts of Cedar Grove.

In the 19th century, thousands of Achterhoekers emigrated to the United States in search of land, freedom and new opportunities. Among them was the Haartman family from Aalten. They were among the first European pioneers to settle in the largely unexplored wilderness of Sheboygan County, Wisconsin.

The Haartman family lived on the farm of the same name in the hamlet of Haart near Aalten. The family consisted of father Derk Jan Haartman, mother Hendrika te Bokkel, five sons and a daughter. In 1846 they left Rotterdam for America on the ship Hector . The crossing lasted 46 days and on September 17, they arrived in New York City.

After a short stay of six weeks in Rochester (New York), the family traveled via the Great Lakes to Milwaukee in Wisconsin. There, Derk Jan Haartman bought sixteen hectares of uncultivated land. Shortly afterwards, fate struck: illness struck the family, and mother Hendrika, three sons and the daughter died.

Sheboygan County Establishment

Together with his two remaining sons, Evert and Derk Jan jr., Derk Jan sr. on to Sheboygan County. In Wilson Township, they bought a piece of forest land in Section 32, for three dollars a hectare. The land had never been inhabited by white settlers before and had to be reclaimed from scratch.

The pioneer life was hard. They had little to eat, hardly any clothing, and no comfort at all. The family’s first home was a simple log cabin with a wooden floor and a stove pipe as a chimney. Many Native Americans still lived in the area, who usually did not cause a nuisance, but sometimes came to beg.

Wilderness survival

Milwaukee was the nearest trading center, but at the time it had only five hundred inhabitants. Sheboygan had three small shops and there were no churches or schools yet. The area consisted of dense pine forests and the roads had to be literally cleared by the settlers.

The colonists regularly needed provisions. Evert Haartman once walked to Milwaukee with the money he had collected in the neighborhood. With this he bought three barrels of flour, some meat and buckwheat flour. On his return, these foodstuffs were distributed sparingly among the inhabitants of the settlement. The only merchandise they could offer themselves were ash and cedar shingles, which they exchanged for food in Milwaukee.

Family and descendants

Evert Haartman, born on May 15, 1824, married on May 12, 1855 in Wilson Township with Janna Berendina (“Jane”) Beskers, born on July 25, 1830 on the Haverland farm in Henxel near Winterswijk. They had ten children; two sons and eight daughters. The family lived on a farm of almost 100 hectares, located four kilometers from the village of Oostburg and thirteen kilometers from Sheboygan.

Evert was respected in the area as a man of principles and dedication. He served as Township Supervisor several times, supporting initiatives to promote education and community. The family was a member of the Dutch Reformed Church in Wilson Township, and Evert helped build three churches. His first vote as an American citizen was for Abraham Lincoln; since then, he has remained loyal to the Republican Party.

Derk Jan Haartman jr., Evert’s older brother, was born on July 18, 1821. He married on October 2, 1855 in Wilson Township with Aleida Gesiena Kortschot, born on September 20, 1838 on the Roerdink Kortschot farm (Roerdinkpoorthuis) in the Woold near Winterswijk. They also had ten children, four sons and six daughters.

The cradle of the Achterhoek family Navis is located in the Aalten hamlet of Lintelo. The oldest known mention of the name is in 1529, when Hendrik Naeves from Lintelo delivers two tijnshoenderen to his lord of Anholt. In 1997, Navis Farm had been inhabited by the Navis family for eight generations. Ancestors Jan Navis and Hermken in Bokkel leased the farm in 1730 as a church site of the NH church in Aalten.

Among the many emigrants who have exchanged our region for faraway places (especially North America) in recent centuries, there were also several descendants of Jan and Hanneken Navis. The following is a summary of what we know about these descendants of the Navis genus.

Christiaan Navis

The first known emigrant from the Navis family was Christiaan Navis (Aalten, 12-02-1797), son of Jan Navis and Sophia Blekking. He married on 11-02-1824 in Winterswijk with Johanna Hendrika Linzij (Oeding (D), 13-11-1803). They had six children between 1824 and 1841. In 1844 they lived on ‘Tiggeloven‘ in the hamlet of Dorpbuurt below Winterswijk and in that year they left for North America, where they arrived in New York on 27-07-1844 with the ship ‘De Hoop’. Christiaan gave as profession: stonemason.

Their eldest child, Jan Willem Navis (1824), did not go to America, but left for Prussia. Their second child, Janna Sophia Navis (1826), left for Aalten according to the population register, but cannot be found there. Perhaps she changed her mind and joined the trip to America after all. About 1846 she married in Clymer, NY with Jan Willem Bekerink (Ratum, 1821). She died in 1892 and was buried in Fontanelle, Iowa.

Daughter Christina Navis (1829) married about 1855 in the US with Jan Hendrik Verink (Kotten, 1810) and died in 1895 in Muscatine, Iowa, where she was also buried. Of the other three children, it is not yet known how they fared.

They purchased 25 acres of land in Clymer, NY on Clymer-Sherman Road, lot 60. They later sold this to their son-in-law Jan Willem Bekerink. In 1854, he gave up a quarter of an acre of land for 15 dollars to build the Clymer Hill Church on it. The church was consecrated on September 13, 1854.

Later, the entire family moved to Muscatine, Iowa.

Janna Geertruid Elisabeth Navis

She was born on 20-01-1808 in Lintelo, daughter of Hendrik Jan Navis and Antonetta Elisabeth Hoftijzer. She married on 25-08-1831 in Varsseveld with Lammert Rademaker (1806) and died on 20-01-1888 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Children of Hendrik Jan Navis and Janna Liefting

Willemina Navis, born on 20-03-1794 in Lintelo, widow of Derk Jan Navis, remarried in 1827 to Roelof Doornink and they left for North America in November 1846 .

Derk Willem Navis, born on 26-07-1801 in Lintelo, married on 08-07-1826 in Aalten with Johanna Rexwinkel (1802). They left with their seven children and are then almost 80-year-old mother Janna Liefting to North America in August 1847 . On 21-11-1847 they all died on Lake Michigan, in the disaster with the propeller steamer Phoenix.

Evert Navis, born on 04-02-1809 in Lintelo, widower of Willemina Janssen, remarried on 29-05-1845 in Aalten with Berentjen Navis, his niece, born on 30-04-1813 in Lintelo (Marode) and daughter of Geert Navis and Harmina Lammers. They left for North America in October 1846 .

Berend Hendrik Naves

Born on 05-06-1839 in Lintelo (Marode), son of aren’t Naves and Dersken Tieltjes (nephew of Berentje, Derk Willem and Evert Navis). He married on 13-05-1869 in Aalten with Willemina Johanna Ormel (1847) from De Heurne and in September 1869 they left for North America.

aren’t Jan Navis

Born on 01-12-1828 in Lintelo (Nieuw Navis), son of Garrit Jan Navis and Johanna Geertruid Heesen and cousin by marriage of Willemina Navis on father’s side. He married on 06-12-1851 in Dinxperlo with Aleida Theodora te Kampe (1820). They left for North America in 1854 together with their one-year-old daughter Theodora Johanna.

Children of Berend Hendrik Navis and Johanna Huenink

Arend Jan Navis, (1841-1924), left on 17-12-1859 for Prussia where he married Elisabeth Blecking in 1869 in Wertherbruch. They founded a German branch under the name Naves.

Gerrit Jan Navis, born on 13-02-1854 in Aalten, left in September 1869 from the farm Den Bosch on the Haart to North America. He married in 1876 in Sheboygan with Hendrica Graven, born in 1852 in Town of Holland as the daughter of previous emigrants, namely Berent Graven and Aleida Berendina Snoeyenbosch from Aalten. They had seven descendants in America. Gerrit Jan died on 07-11-1927 in Sheboygan.

The riddle surrounding Henry Navis

When compiling ‘The Navis family 1838-1975’, an overview booklet of a Navis family in America, it was still unclear to the family who their founders Henry Navis and Hendrika Klein Hesseling were or where they came from.

This can be read in the following excerpt from this booklet:

“Henry Navis, came from Europe as a young man. The year, how old he was or where he came from is unknown. He was a drifter, and no one seemed to know what he was doing when he was in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa and other states.

He married Hendrika Klein Hesseling, but their wedding date is also unknown. The parents of Hendrika Klein Hesselink are also unknown. What is known is that there were Klein Hesselings in this state who dropped the word Klein and that there is a band.

It is not known how many brothers and sisters Henry had or who his parents were. This is in short the history of the man and woman who started this great generation of Fishing.”

Riddle solved

Between 1982 and 1983, the mystery surrounding the ancestry of Henry Navis and his wife Hendrika Kleinhesselink was solved by genealogical research and communicated to the descendants in America. They were thrilled that after so many years there had been clarity about the origins of their founders in the US.

Henry Navis was born on 30-09-1838 as Gerrit Hendrik Navis in the Binnenheurne near Varsseveld, as son of Gerrit Willem Navis and Dersken ter Horst. His grandparents were Geert Navis and Hermina Lammers, brother and sister-in-law of Hendrik Jan Navis and Janna Liefting (see previous emigrants). His father Gerrit Willem died in October 1856, when Gerrit Hendrik was 18 years old. Shortly afterwards he disappeared from home and was reported as ‘absent‘ in the population register of Varsseveld. He died on 16-06-1922 in America.

Hendrika Kleinhesselink was born on 03-07-1830 in Dinxperlo, as a daughter of Jannes Kleinhesselink and Theodora ter Horst. Her father died in 1850 and his widow left for North America with her eight children in April 1856 . Hendrika Kleinhesselink died on 29-09-1903 in America. It is known from the descendants in the US that Henry, after the death of his wife, went wandering again.

Children of Gradus Navis and Dersken Vreemen

Gerrit Jan Navis, born on 10-07-1845 in Lintelo, left in April 1882, unmarried, for North America. He was followed in July of the same year by his brother with his family and his sister with her son:

Bernardus Navis, born on 13-04-1841 in Lintelo, married on 01-06-1876 in Aalten to Berendina Frederika Fukkink (1857) with their sons Gradus Theodorus (1877) and aren’t Jan (1881). aren’t Jan married in the US with emigrant daughter Minnie Voskuil (1881).

Hendrika Johanna Navis, born on 16-01-1837 in Lintelo, unmarried mother of Jan Willem Navis (1858). Jan Willem married Dina Johanna Harmelink (Lintelo, 1864) in Kansas in 1887.

The whole family lived together at ‘t Boske until their emigration, with the exception of Jan Willem, who was a servant at ‘t Spieker. Gerrit Jan married Janna Aleida Krozenbrink (Barlo, 1861) in Wisconsin in 1884. He died in 1915 and was buried in Baldwin, Wisconsin.

Post-war emigrants

In 1948, Derk Willem Navis (1917-2003), son of Johan Albertus Navis and Dela Nijman (from the Arend branch), left for America together with his wife Antonia Wubbels (1918-1999) and two children. He had been a military police officer and settled in Wyoming, Minnesota as a salesman of building materials. Two more children were born in America.